My colleague’s comparison assumed that the Tuskegee study was an unavoidable part of scientific practice as opposed to a universally deplored brach, and it equated a one-time failure to prevent harm to a few dozen people with the prevention of hundreds of millions of deaths per century in perpetuity.

Steven Pinker, Enlightenment now: the case for reason, science, humanism, and progress, New York, 2018, p. 401