Cyber-attacks on critical infrastructure

Abstract

Risk-brief on the escalating exposure of critical infrastructure—power generation, water treatment, transport, telecommunications, and digital networks—to cyberattacks driven by growing interconnectedness. Drawing on historical incidents such as the 2015 Ukraine power outage and the 2025 Jaguar Land Rover ransomware attack, the article maps sectoral vulnerabilities and notes that a global internet outage now ranks as the second most plausible major business threat over the next five years in Allianz’s risk barometer. – AI-generated abstract.