Abstract
The Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) and the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) have helped curb the threat of biological and chemical weapons (BW and CW, respectively). BW and CW stockpiles have been destroyed although there is concern over implementation of the BWC due to the absence of a formal verification mechanism. As of 2018, 192 states were CWC signatories, while 180 were party to the BWC. Despite these conventions, some states may still possess or have possessed BW and/or CW, including Albania, China, Cuba, Egypt, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Libya, North Korea, Russia, South Korea, Sudan, Syria, Taiwan, and the United States. – AI-generated abstract.
