Reflective Equilibrium

Abstract

Reflective equilibrium is a method of deliberation that involves seeking coherence among our beliefs about a particular issue, similar cases, and broader moral and factual issues. This everyday practice aims to clarify what we ought to do and justify our conclusions. The method involves reflecting on and revising our beliefs, aiming for consistency across various domains. While individuals can engage in reflective equilibrium independently, it can also be a dialogical process where participants seek agreement and coherence. The method has been influential in philosophy, particularly in the work of John Rawls, but it has also faced criticism regarding the justification of moral intuitions and the inclusion of facts about the world in ethical reasoning. Despite the controversies, the method continues to offer valuable insights into ethical deliberation and the process of finding justification for our moral judgments.