The ethics of artificial nutrition

Abstract

The last two decades have been witness to considerable progress in the administration of artificial nutrition and hydration (ANH). This can be used to sustain life in various patient groups that would have previously succumbed to the effects of malnutrition. The complexity of these clinical cases often causes healthcare professionals great anxiety, as the decision to initiate or withdraw ANH has significant emotional, ethical and resource implications. These difficult decisions require considerable deliberation, balancing the judgments and values of the patients, their families, the carers and even the cultural beliefs of society at large. This short article looks at the application of contemporary medical ethical principles to guide decisions and discusses the implications of the Mental Capacity Act, with particular relevance to ANH.